ESSENTIAL OILS

Nardostachys jatamansi

· Common Names: Nardo puro; Jatamansi; 

· Origin: Nepal

· Plant/part used: Herb/ dried flowers

· Method of extraction: Distillation

· Appearance: Greenish blue

· State: Fluid to slightly viscous liquid

· Organoleptic Properties: Heavy, sweet-woody and spicy-animal odor

· Density: 0.930 to 0.959

· Refractive index: 1.50 to 1.55 at 25º C

· Chemical constituents: Bornyl acetate, isobornyl valerianate, borneol, patchoulene, terpinyl valerianate, terpineol, eugenol, pinenes.

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 Valeriana wallichi 

· Common Names:  Sugandha Bala; Sumaya

· Origin: Nepal

· Plant/part used: rhizome and roots

· Method of extraction: Distillation

· Appearance: yellowish-green to brownish-yellow

· State: slightly viscous liquid

· Organoleptic Properties: deeply musky, earthy and pungent aroma

· Density: 0.930 to 0.970

· Refractive index: 1.470 to 1.485 at 20ºC

· Chemical constituents:  Acetic acid, ascorbic acid, beta ionone, calcium, caffeic acid, magnesium, manganese, quercetin, valeric acid

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Cinnamomum glaucescens

· Common Names:  Sugandha kokila

· Origin: Nepal

· Plant/part used: berries

· Method of extraction: Distillation

· Appearance Golden Yellow

· State: Liquid

· Organoleptic Properties: Camphoraceous, Spicy

· Density: 0.88 to 0.94

· Refractive index: 1.4870 to 1.4975 at 25° C

· Chemical constituents: Methyl cinnamate; 1,8-cineole, safrole, myristicin, elemicin, terpinen-4-ol, delta cadinene, linalool

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Zanthoxylum armatum DC.

· Origin: Nepal

· Plant/part used: Fruits 

· Method of extraction: Steam Distillation

· Appearance:  Light yellow

· State: Liquid

· Organoleptic Properties: Refreshing, pleasant, spicy

· Density: 0.8150 to 0.9051 at 25° C

· Refractive index: 1.4674 to 1.4815 at 25°

· Chemical constituents: Lemonene, linalool and methyl cinnamate

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Matricaria chamomilla (L.)

· Origin: Nepal

· Crop Season: December - February

· Plant/part used: Herb/ dried flowers

· Method of extraction: Distillation

· Appearance: Deep blue to bluish green 

· State: Liquid

· Organoleptic Properties: Herbal sweet medicinal phenolic fruity

· Density: 0.892-0.912

· Refractive index: 1.440-1.450

· Chemical constituents: Farnescene, Bisabolol, Bisabolol oxide, Di cyclo ether, Germacrene

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Mentha arvensis L.

· Origin: Nepal

· Plant/part used: Leaves

· Method of extraction: Steam Distillation

· Appearance:  Faint Pale yellow

· State: Slightly thick liquid

· Organoleptic Properties: Fresh-grassy lemon-type

· Density: 0.8940 to 0.9015

· Refractive index: 1.4590 to 1.4750 at 25° C

· Chemical constituents:  Menthol is the key active constituent. It also contains menthane, a-pinene, p-menthone, menthyl acetate, iso-menthone, phellandrene, piperitone

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Acorus calamus L

· Origin: Nepal

· Plant/part used: Rhizomes

· Method of extraction: Steam Distillation

· Appearance:  Yellow to yellowish brown

· State: Liquid

· Organoleptic Properties: Warm woody-spicy

· Density: 1.0695 to 1.0795 at 23° C

· Refractive index: 1.5335 to 1.5589 at 23°

· Chemical constituents:  a- asarone, a-terpinolene, 13-asarone, acorenone, clamene, calamol, calamenene, iso-calamendiol, methyl iso-eugenol, trans-13- ocimene etc.

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Gaultheria fragrantissima

· Origin: Nepal

· Plant/part used: Leaves

· Method of extraction: Distillation

· Appearance: Pale yellow or yellowish or pinkish

· State: Liquid

· Organoleptic Properties: Strongly aromatic, sweet odour with a peculiar creamyfruity top note and a sweet- woody dry out.

· Density: 1.1735 to 1.1855

· Refractive index: 1.537 to 1.5405 at 25º C

· Chemical constituents: Methyl Salicylate (96-99% of total volume), δ-pinene, myrcene, δ -3-carene, limonene and sesqui

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Eucalyptus globulus

· Origin: Nepal

· Plant/part used: Leaves

· Method of extraction: Distillation

· Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid

· State: Fluid to slightly viscous liquid

· Organoleptic Properties: Camphoraceous, fresh, minty

· Density: 0.905 – 0.923

· Refractive index: 1.4580 – 1.4700

· Chemical constituents: α-pinene, camphene, myrcene, d-limonene, Eucalyptol, γ-terpinene, linalool, caryophyllene, 4-terpineol, citronellol, citronellar, p-cymene

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Cymbopogon flexuosus

· Origin: Nepal

· Plant/part used: Grass

· Method of extraction: Steam Distillation

· Appearance:  Deep yellow to orange-brown

· State: Liquid

· Organoleptic Properties: Fresh-grassy lemon-type

· Density: 0.8725 to 0.8965 at 25º C

· Refractive index: 1.4850 to 1.4936 at 25º C

· Chemical constituents:  Citral α, Citral β, Nerol Geraniol, Citronellal, Terpinolene, Geranyl acetate, Myrecene , Terpinol Methylheptenone, Linalool

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Cymbopogon winteranus Jowitt.

· Origin: Nepal

· Plant/part used: Grass

· Method of extraction: Steam Distillation

· Appearance:  Light Yellow or Yellowish Brown 

· State: Liquid

· Organoleptic Properties: Fresh Sweet, Geraniol, Weed, Woody

· Density: 0.870 to 0.95 at 25° C

· Refractive index: 1.465 to 1.485 at 25°

· Chemical constituents: Geraniol, Citronellol, Geranyl acetate, Citral, Caryophyllene 

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 Rhododendron anthopogon D. Don

· Origin: Nepal

· Plant/part used: Leaves and aerial twigs

· Method of extraction: Distillation

· Appearance: Pale Yellow

· State: Fluid to slightly viscous liquid

· Organoleptic Properties: Sweet herbal, Faintly balsamic

· Density: 0.8630 to 0.8804 at 15° C

· Refractive index: 1.4785 to 1.4881 at 15° C

· Chemical constituents: 13-cadinene, trans-13-caryophyllene, a-muurolene,y-cadinene and 6-cadinene.

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Zingiber officinale Rosc. 

· Origin: Nepal

· Plant/part used: Rhizomes

· Method of extraction: Steam Distillation

· Appearance: Pale yellow to Amber liquid

· State: Liquid

· Organoleptic Properties: lemony-balsamic, spicy odour with bitter taste

· Density: 0.875 – 0.890 at 25 °C

· Refractive index: 1.485 – 1.489 at 25 °C

· Chemical constituents: Zingiberene, sesquiphellandrene, β-phellandrene, geraniol, ar-curcumene

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